Documents 

Alors que la guerre et les courses hippiques bouleversent les codes de l’équitation au tournant du XVIIIe siècle, il y a un nouvel espace, à Londres et à Paris, où l’expression équestre prend une emphase qui va changer à la fois le cours de l’histoire du théâtre et la diffusion des savoirs liés à l’équitation : le théâtre équestre aux origines du cirque moderne. Au croisement de l’histoire du théâtre, du sport et de la guerre, l’ouvrage replace les entrepreneurs de spectacles et le rôle du cheval au coeur de la commercialisation des loisirs et des nouveaux registres de perception. Animées par la cavalerie, les mises en scène historiques et des guerres en cours deviennent leur spécialité, leur conférant un rôle de premier plan dans la construction des représentations de l’histoire nationale. En recontextualisant les acteurs et leurs stratégies entrepreneuriales face à l’Etat et au marché, en circonstanciant la signification des programmations, l’auteur offre une plongée dans la fabrique des innovations culturelles, l’économie des entreprises théâtrales et les arcanes de l’équitation telles qu’elles tissent la nouvelle offre culturelle et les sociabilités autour de l’un des grands phénomènes de société du XIXe siècle.

This beautiful book charts the development of the circus as an art form around the world, from antiquity to the present day.

Using over 200 circus related artworks from the French National Library's private collections, celebrated cultural historian Pascal Jacob tells the story of travelling entertainers and their art and trade. From nomadic animal tamers of the Dark Ages to European jugglers and acrobats of the 1800s, from the use of the circus as Soviet propaganda to the 20th-century Chinese performance art renaissance, this is an exhaustive history with a uniquely international scope.

Jacob draws on both rare and famous artworks, including prints dating from the 13th century, and paintings by Picasso and Doré. In doing so he demonstrates the circus to be a visual and physical masterpiece, constantly moving and evolving, and just as exciting an experience for audiences now as it was 1,000 years ago.

The world of the circus has a long and colourful history, but it was with a man named Philip Astley that the 'modern' circus was founded. It was 250 years ago, in April 1768, that Astley pegged out a circular ride on the banks of the Thames and gave performances of trick riding to a paying audeince. Trick riding was nothing new, so what made Astley so popular? He was an accomplished horseman, a military hero and an instincitve showman. Above all, he was an entrepreneur who realized that people would pay good money to be entertained--and to be entertained well. He created the comic character of Billy Buttons, and other acts were added to his performances: clowns, rope dancers, tumblers, and strongmen. The circus, as we might recognize it today, was born. _Father of the Modern Circus-- 'Billy Buttons'_ investigates the life and times of this veritable giant of the circus world. From his early days as an apprentice cabinetmaker and his military exploits in the 15th Dragoons to the trials and tribulations of establishing himself as a respected performer and his international successes in France and Ireland, this book gives a detailed account of the larger than life figure that was Philip Astley. [editor summary]

In this fascinating and carefully researched book, Dominique Jando tells us when, why and how the former sergeant-major of a British Hussars regiment created the most universal form of entertainment, the Circus. It was not a chance occurrence: the place, the times and the social context, all led to this pivotal moment. Philip Astley became England's greatest showman, but if he was indeed a visionary, he was not a lone experimentalist: immediately, other equestrians followed his example and participated in the development and expansion of the circus in Europe and the Americas. This is the story, too, of these extraordinary and colorful pioneers who were Astley's contemporaries, whether pupils, competitors or colleagues: Charles Hughes, John Bill Ricketts, Philip Lailson, Antonio Franconi and a few others-including Astley's own son, John Conway Astley. Relying in large part on their contemporaries' testimony, Dominique Jando places these pioneers back in their historical and social context, as well as in the often-overlooked context of the nascent show business of the late eighteenth century-principally in Great Britain, but also in Europe and in America. [editor summary]

Two hundred and fifty years after Philip Astley invented the circus it has never been more diverse and captivating, the global success of the spectacular Cirque du Soleil just one testament to its enduring and universal appeal. In Britain alone there are traditional family circuses for kids and arty shows for adults, circuses in tents and circuses in theatres, circuses with animals and circuses without, the Circus of Horrors for clubbers, the comedy-based Circus Hilarious and cabaret-style hybrids on the burlesque circuit - and this form of entertainment is popular around the world.

What all circuses have in common are the extraordinary skills, dedication and lifestyle of those involved - a unique strain of performers who blend the discipline of sports stars with the razzmatazz of showbiz; itinerant entertainers who have often had circus blood in their families for generations; world-class gymnasts who risk death twice daily, serve on the tea stand in between shows and help take down the big top afterwards.

Circus Mania is a journey into this unique world, each chapter an access-all-areas pass to a different circus, talking to the trapeze flyers, clowns, animal trainers and showmen about their lives, work and customs and offering insight into the development of this traditional entertainment from the earliest times.[editor summary]

Philip Astley first pegged out his circular 'ride' on the banks of the Thames in 1768 and so laid down the foundations of the modern circus. Performing feats of trick riding with his wife Patty Jones, little did he realise that before long women would become a dominant force in the circus. Sawdust Sisterhood explores how the circus empowered women and gave them the opportunity to compete and succeed as performers in their own right in an otherwise masculine world. Drawing upon historical news reports and contemporary interviews, the book explores the lives of female circus performers and focuses upon several of the more well-known artistes from across two centuries of circus, including; Madame Saqui, the renowned French wire-walker of the early nineteenth century; Nellie Chapman, the Victorian 'Lion Queen' of Wombwells's Menagerie and Circus; and Katie Brumbach, otherwise known as Sandwina, perhaps the most famous Strongwoman of the twentieth century. Sawdust Sisterhood acknowledges the role of the female circus performer across the centuries.

As paragons in heir field, these women became rich, famous and powerful despirte the prevailing sexist attitudes of their time. They often had to overcome undue criticism of their work and censure from those who felt their acts were at best inappropritate and at worst immoral. In performing remarkable, often death-defying physical feats, these women subverted the classic ideals of femininity and undoubtedly contributed to the later sexual revolution.

Sawdust sisterhood explores the journeys of these women and their contributions to the advancement of women's rights. Steve Ward, an expert on the circus, draws together various primary sources. newspaper articles, and feministe scholarship to give a full picture of the pivotal role of women in this medium. He also includes interviews with contemporary female performers and over thirty exquisite images. This is a detailed, personal, and deeply moving account of an often overloocked aspect of the struggle for female emancipation. [Editor's summary]

Chacun possède sa propre vision du cirque, un univers aux richesses insoupçonnées et en constante évolution. Cet ouvrage en propose une histoire abondamment illustrée, de ses origines saltimbanques à ses formes les plus contemporaines.

Au fil des pages, affiches, dessins, estampes et photographies dévoilent les secrets de chacune des disciplines qui peuplent le grand chapiteau et offrent un voyage planétaire haut en couleurs. Né en Angleterre en 1768, développé en France, il magnifie avant tout le cheval. Entre 1880 et 1930, c’est l’âge d’or du dressage, de la splendeur allemande et du gigantisme américain motivé par le développement du chemin de fer. Viennent ensuite la révolution du cirque soviétique, la puissance d’évocation du théâtre acrobatique chinois, et le renouveau du cirque avec les écoles françaises, belges ou canadiennes.

Un ouvrage complet pour retrouver son âme d’enfant. [résumé de l'éditeur]

This is the story of one of the most famous and popular entrepreneurs of the 18th Century - a man dubbed "the father of the modern circus". Philip Astley was a teenager who yearned for adventure and above all who wanted to work with horses. He served in the British Army in the Seven Years War, learning how to train horses for battle, and then left to find his fortune in London giving riding lessons and putting on exhibitions of trick riding. In doing so he came up with a formula for entertaining thousands, with his demonstrations of clowning on horseback, juggling, rope walking and acrobatics. He dazzled with fireworks, he impressed with colour and he amazed his audiences with re-enactments of battles and sieges. In doing so he launched the modern circus, building circus premises across Europe and inspiring others to follow the trail which he blazed. It is a story of courage and resilience, and of how one man, in the right place at the right time, achieved a remarkable success in the field of popular entertainment. [editor summary]

Traveling back to the circus’s early days, Linda Simon takes us to eighteenth-century hippodromes in Great Britain and intimate one-ring circuses in nineteenth-century Paris, where Toulouse-Lautrec and Picasso became enchanted with aerialists and clowns. She introduces us to P. T. Barnum, James Bailey, and the enterprising Ringling Brothers and reveals how they created the golden age of American circuses. Moving forward to the whimsical Circus Oz in Australia and to New York City’s Big Apple Circus and the grand spectacle of Cirque du Soleil, she shows how the circus has transformed in recent years. At the center of the story are the people—trick riders and tightrope walkers, sword swallowers and animal trainers, contortionists and clowns—that created the sensational, raucous, and sometimes titillating world of the circus. [editor summary]

The extraordinary story of a young man’s plunge into the unique and wonderful world of the circus - taking readers deep into circus history and its renaissance as a contemporary art form, and behind the (tented) walls of France’s most prestigious circus school.

When Duncan Wall visited his first nouveau cirque as a college student in Paris, everything about it - the monochromatic costumes, the acrobat singing Simon and Garfunkel, the juggler reciting Proust - was captivating. Soon he was waiting outside stage doors, eagerly chatting with the stars, and attending circuses two or three nights a week. So great was his enthusiasm that a year later he applied on a whim to the training program at the École Nationale des Arts du Cirque and was, to his surprise, accepted.

The Ordinary Acrobat follows the collision of one American novice and a host of gifted international students in a rigorous regimen of tumbling, trapeze, juggling, and clowning. Along the way, Wall introduces readers to all the ambition, beauty, and thrills of the circus’s long history: from hardscrabble beginnings to Gilded Age treasures, and from twentieth-century artistic and economic struggles to its brilliant reemergence in the form of contemporary circus . [editor summary]

The circus is a source of nostalgia for Americans of all ages, either from memories of attending P. T. Barnum's "Greatest Show on Earth," or through the colorful evocations in many movies, television programs, and books. Interest in the circus phenomenon is unflagging, yet there have been few publications that look closely at how the circus's European origins were refashioned for an American audience. Lavishly illustrated and carefully researched, this volume explores how American culture, values, demography, and business practices altered the fundamental nature of the European circus, and how, by the end of the 19th century, they had transformed it into a distinctly American pastime.

At the peak of its cultural significance, the circus was a sophisticated combination of theater and business, and made effective use of advertising, train travel, and hyperbole. The subjects in The American Circus reflect this complexity, ranging widely from thematic explorations of circus music and elephants to more closely focused studies of objects such as circus toys, souvenirs, and performers' costumes. The book also explores the dark and even nefarious side of the circus, and its associations with marginalized dimensions of American life and culture. With contributions from leading scholars, this stylishly designed volume aims to identify the salient features of an Americanized cultural product and to analyze its appeal for American audiences.

This intriguing work chronicles the history of the American circus from its roots in England through its importation to America to the end of the nineteenth century. It introduces the early pioneers of the circus, addresses business concerns such as management and training, and discusses the development of the show itself, including the incorporation of menageries, the need for animal training and care, the addition of circus music, the use of the tent, and the unique attractions of side shows and "freaks." Personal stories of those who made their lives under the "big top" are woven throughout the narrative, adding an intimate perspective to one of America’s most enduring entertainments. [editor summary]

The year is 1770, the sun is shining and they're doing good business at the Three Hats Inn. This is where the best trick riders perform, all vying to outdo one another with their amazing stunts on horseback. Top of the bill today is Sgt Major Philip Astley, a Herculean figure of a man in a wig and shiny boots, who dazzles the crowd with his dare-devil acts. Astley is all smiles as he turns himself upside down in the saddle, but secretly he harbours a dream - of escaping the Three Hats and setting up on his own. Astley wants to be the impresario of England's very first circus, but will his rivals let him? [editor summary]

Quelles sont les raisons qui poussèrent l'homme à s'aventurer à plusieurs mètres du sol, sur un fil ou sur une corde ? Cherchait-il à atteindre Dieu dans un élan d'orgueil ou d'adoration ou tentait-il simplement de prouver son courage en quittant la terre ferme ?
Pourquoi le cirque et l'acrobatie se sont-ils nourris, depuis la nuit des temps, de folklores, de pratiques païennes et religieuses, d'appartenance à des sociétés secrètes, d'emprunts à l'art militaire ou aux pratiques des marchands ?

Dans Planète cirque, Dominique Mauclair nous invite à partir à la découverte des origines, des sources, des motivations de ces hommes qui, à travers les siècles, ont fait évoluer le cirque et son art le plus célèbre : l'acrobatie.
Du Néolithique au Nouveau cirque nous sommes conviés à faire un tour d'horizon de l'acrobatie, du cirque, de la fête foraine, de la pantomime et des arts de la rue qui sont autant de planètes d'une même galaxie. Planète cirque se présente comme un spectacle, avec un prologue, des actes, des tableaux, un entracte et un final. Sous le titre " Les enfants du voyage ", le premier acte de ce spectacle nous amène, dans l'espace et dans le temps, à la découverte de l'ethnologie et de la sociologie du cirque. Dans le deuxième acte intitulé " Le cirque nouveau est arrivé ! "
Dominique Mauclair répons à la question : Le cirque a-t-il un avenir ? Avec la passion qui, depuis son plus jeune âge, l'a animé et qui l'a fait " entrer en cirque " comme on " entre en religion ", Dominique Mauclair nous fait partager, avec bonheur, sa connaissance de cet art, aujourd'hui, en pleine évolution.

Circus celebrates the evolution of this gloriuos spectacle under the Big Top -- from its early days of Minoan horn-vaulting and medieval street performers through its heyday in Europe and North America with entrepreneurs such as P.T. Barnum and the Ringling family to the circus of today such as Cirque du Soleil. Illustrated with photographs, posters, paintings, and tickets from around the world, we are introduced to performers who have thrilled crowds with their daring and to world-famous clowns who have transformed comic routines into art. In this first comprehensive children's book on the subject, readers will discover the daily life of circus families, the music, training, and costumes, and the legends -- from Jumbo the elephant to the original "daring young man on the flying trapeze". Sidebars full of fascinating circus trivia about superstitions, "lot lingo", and circus inventions such as the leotard and pink lemonade, add to the fun. A fascinating inside look at one of the world's most daring and dazzling entertainments.[editor summary]

This is a monumental history of that universally trancing, international phenomenon-the circus. It is the most complete chronicle of circuses and circus lore ever written in the english language. No reader can fail to be impressed by the scope of its coverage and the vividness of its descriptions. No lover of circus wonders can remain unmoved while reading of the people and performances that illuminated circus life.

The author reveals the origins of circus acts among Greek and Roman acrobats and medieval minstrels, tracing their development through eighteenth-century
fairs where they were combined with displays of horse riding in a circular ring to form a new style of presentation. He then follows the evolution of circuses during the nineteenth century, showing how novel acts and exhibitions of animal training were introduced to produce the circus we know today.

Mr. Speaight demonstrates the special way in which the circus grew in the United States, where three-ring circuses were transported over vast distances by railroad; and he describes the Golden Age of the circus in Europe, when circus riders ranked with ballet stars in popular esteem. Finally, he provides an up-to-the-minute account of circuses in the world today.

The author's account is based on many years of research in unpublished manuscripts and museum collections, and he reverses some long.held errors of previous writers on the subject. His book contains exhaustive notes and an appendix, listing circus buildings in London, New york and paris, which brings together information never before printed, giving the book great value as a permanent work of reference. [editor summary]