Documents 

Two hundred and fifty years after Philip Astley invented the circus it has never been more diverse and captivating, the global success of the spectacular Cirque du Soleil just one testament to its enduring and universal appeal. In Britain alone there are traditional family circuses for kids and arty shows for adults, circuses in tents and circuses in theatres, circuses with animals and circuses without, the Circus of Horrors for clubbers, the comedy-based Circus Hilarious and cabaret-style hybrids on the burlesque circuit - and this form of entertainment is popular around the world.

What all circuses have in common are the extraordinary skills, dedication and lifestyle of those involved - a unique strain of performers who blend the discipline of sports stars with the razzmatazz of showbiz; itinerant entertainers who have often had circus blood in their families for generations; world-class gymnasts who risk death twice daily, serve on the tea stand in between shows and help take down the big top afterwards.

Circus Mania is a journey into this unique world, each chapter an access-all-areas pass to a different circus, talking to the trapeze flyers, clowns, animal trainers and showmen about their lives, work and customs and offering insight into the development of this traditional entertainment from the earliest times.[editor summary]

This intriguing work chronicles the history of the American circus from its roots in England through its importation to America to the end of the nineteenth century. It introduces the early pioneers of the circus, addresses business concerns such as management and training, and discusses the development of the show itself, including the incorporation of menageries, the need for animal training and care, the addition of circus music, the use of the tent, and the unique attractions of side shows and "freaks." Personal stories of those who made their lives under the "big top" are woven throughout the narrative, adding an intimate perspective to one of America’s most enduring entertainments. [editor summary]

The circus has been with us since Roman times, but centuries later, the circus world has never been more diverse and captivating, the global success of Cirque du Soleil testament to its enduring and universal appeal. In Britain alone, there are traditional family circuses for kids and arty cirque-style shows for adults, circuses in tents and circuses in theatres, circuses with animals and circuses without, the Circus of Horrors for clubbers, the comedy-based Circus Hilarious and cabaret-style hybrids on the burlesque circuit. What they all have in common is the extraordinary skills, dedicati.

En 1768, Philip Astley, écuyer anglais entreprend la création d’un spectacle original.

Il rassemble en un lieu, l’art équestre, savoir issu de la haute école militaire et des chevaliers, et les arts forains, perpétrés sur les foires. Sans le savoir, il met en place les fondamentaux de ce qui va devenir le cirque moderne : la piste de 13 mètres, la succession de numéros, une musique et des costumes d’inspiration militaire.

L’heure est à la création de nouveaux loisirs populaires. La concurrence et les obstacles poussent Astley et ses pairs à semer leurs projets à travers l’Europe. À Paris, la graine prend à la veille de la Révolution.

Le cirque va cristalliser les bouleversements : les exercices militaires à cheval permettent de relater avec réalisme les événements historiques dans des pantomimes. Le succès est démesuré.

Au milieu du 19ème siècle, dans la célébration post-révolutionnaire de l’entente du peuple et des élites, les cirques stables se multiplient. Leur architecture de pierre affirme un cercle. Tandis que des pantomimes emphatiques se jouent dans des hippodromes accueillant jusqu’à 12 000 spectateurs.

Le cheval joue un rôle moteur et médiatique dans l’avènement du cirque moderne. C’est pourtant un peu comme son dernier rôle dans la société des hommes avant les transformations urbaines, la révolution industrielle, l’invention de la voiture et du train.

Ultime rôle qui pose la question du lien sacré de l’homme avec l’animal et qui interroge la notion de modernité. [présentation de l'auteur]